Yonke into oyifunayo ukwazi malunga neetyhubhu zovavanyo ze-COD
Iityhubhu zovavanyo lweoksikiji (CoD) zizixhobo ezibalulekileyo zohlalutyo lwamanzi, ezisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumasipala, umzi-mveliso novavanyo lokusingqongileyo. Ezi thufu zikhethekileyo zenzelwe ukumelana nobushushu obuphakamileyo kunye neemichiza zeekhemikhali ngexesha lenkqubo ye-CoD. Masiphembe kwiimpawu eziphambili kunye neendlela ezilungileyo zokusebenzisa iityhubhu zovavanyo lwed.
Iityhubhu zovavanyo lweoksikiji (CoD) zizixhobo ezibalulekileyo zohlalutyo lwamanzi, ezisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumasipala, umzi-mveliso novavanyo lokusingqongileyo. Ezi thufu zikhethekileyo zenzelwe ukumelana nobushushu obuphakamileyo kunye neemichiza zeekhemikhali ngexesha lenkqubo ye-CoD. Masiphembe kwiimpawu eziphambili kunye neendlela ezilungileyo zokusebenzisa iityhubhu zovavanyo lwed.
I-1️⃣ kunye nokwakha
Iityhubhu zovavanyo ze-COD ziqhele okwenziwa kwiglasi ye-borossilicate, eyaziwa ngokuba yinxalenye yayo ekhethekileyo ye-Thermal kunye nekhemikhali.
Iityhubhu zitywinwe nge-screw-cap ivala i-ptfe \ / isiliki septum ukuthintela ukuvuza kunye nongcoliseko.
Inkqubo ye-2 geesile
Iityhubhu zovavanyo ze-COD zisetyenziswa ngokudibeneyo kunye ne-codgeeter ye-cod, enza isampulu yesampulu ukuya kwi-150 ° C kwiiyure ezi-2.
Ngeli xesha lenkqubo, umba wezinto eziphilayo kwimodeli uyayiswa yiarhente eqinileyo (i-potassium eqinileyo) phambi kwe-sulfuric acid.
Isixa seoksijini esifunwayo se-oxidation yinqanaba le-COD, elinokugqitywa kwi-switchrophotomest.
I-3 rangs kunye nezicelo
Iityhubhu zovavanyo ze-COD ziyafumaneka kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo ukulungiselela iindidi ezahlukeneyo zesampulu kwaye zilindelwe yixabiso le-CoD.
I-RIP eqhelekileyo ibandakanya iphantsi (3-150 mg \ / l), ephakathi (i-20-1500 mg \ / l), kunye ne-dep (2005000 mg \ / l).
Ezi tyhubhu zisetyenziselwa ukuvavanywa kwamanzi omasipala kunye namanzi amdaka omhlaba, kunye neesampulu zamanzi esingqongileyo.
I-4o yendlela elungileyo
Soloko ulandela imiyalelo yomenzi wesampulu yesampulu, ukugaya, kunye nohlalutyo.
Qinisekisa ukuba iityhubhu zovavanyo ze-CoD zikhululekile kwaye isampulu ixutywe ngokupheleleyo ngaphambi kohlalutyo.
Sebenzisa amanzi okugqibela kwezinto eziphezulu kunye nokulungiselela ukuqeshisa ukunciphisa uphazamiso.
Iinkalo 5 zezokhuseleko
Iityhubhu zovavanyo ze-COD ziqukethe iirejista ezinobungozi, ezinjenge-mercury kunye neChromium, ezifuna ukuphatha ngokufanelekileyo nokulahlwa.
Nxiba izixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokuzikhusela (i-PPE) xa usebenza neetyhubhu zovavanyo ze-COD, kwaye wenze uhlalutyo kwindawo enomoya ongenampilo.
Ngokuqonda amanqaku aphambili kunye neendlela ezilungileyo zokusebenzisa iityhubhu zovavanyo zeCD, unokuqinisekisa uhlalutyo oluchanekileyo noluthembekileyo lwamanzi, igalelo kubuyiselo lwendalo esingqongileyo kunye nempilo yoluntu.