Kutheni i-GC-DS esetyenziselwa ukuvavanywa kweziyobisi?

I-chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) yamkelwe ngokubanzi njengendlela enamandla yohlalutyo kuvavanyo lwamachiza, ngakumbi kwi-tonic ye-tonical ye-tonical kunye ne-forensic ityhefu. Amandla ayo okubonelela ngeziphumo ezichanekileyo neziphucukileyo, kwaye ezinokuthenjwa ziyenza yindlela yokhetho lokufumanisa kunye nokudibanisa iziyobisi kunye nemetabolites zabo kwiisampulu zebhayoloji. Le bhlog iya kuphonononga izizathu zokusebenzisa i-GC-NMS kuvavanyo lweziyobisi, egxile kwizibonelelo zayo, iindlela, kunye nokusetyenziswa.

Ufuna ukwazi ngakumbi malunga nomahluko phakathi kwe-LC-Nks kunye ne-GC-Nks, nceda ujonge eli nqaku: Nguwuphi umahluko phakathi kwe-LC-Nks kunye ne-GC-Nks?

I-GC-DOD yokusebenza

I-GC-NS idibanisa ubuchwephesha bohlalutyo bohlalutyo: I-chromatography yegesi (i-GC) kunye ne-spectrametry (ms).

I-chromatography yegesi: Kweli nqanaba lokuqala, isampulu ifakwe kwaye yahlulwe ibe zizixhobo zayo nganye usebenzisa ikholamu yeCapillary. Ukwahlulahlulo lusekwe kwindawo yokubila kunye ne-poland yekhomputha, ukuvumela ukwahlulwa okufanelekileyo komxube ontsonkothileyo.

I-Mass Spectrometry: Nje ukuba izinto zahlukane, zaziswa kwi-spectrometer enkulu. Apha, zingu-Iosd kwaye ii-ions eziziphumo zihlalutya ngokusekwe kumyinge wawo wokuhlawula. Le nkqubo ivelisa i-spectrium eyodwa kwiqualm nganye, ibonelela ngedatha efanelekileyo nenobungakanani.

Le ndlela yamanyathelo amabini ivumela ukuchongwa kwezinto ezichanekileyo kwisampulu, ukwenza i-GC-Ms ilungele ukuvavanywa kweziyobisi.

Izibonelelo ze-GC-NS kuvavanyo lweziyobisi

1. Ubuntu obuphezulu kunye nobunye

Esona sizathu siphambili sokusebenzisa i-GC-Nk kuvavanyo lweziyobisi kukuziva ngathi uvelwano lwayo:

Ukufunyanwa koxinzelelo olusezantsi: I-GC-MS inokufumanisa ukuba iphambili kakhulu amachiza amachiza, ngokwesiqhelo kwi-Nanogram \ / ml. Obo buchule bubalulekile kuSeto lweKlinikhi, apho abaguli basenokuba bathathe ichiza elincinci okanye iMetabolite.

Ukuchongwa okuthile: Imifanekiso emiselweyo ibonelela ngolwazi oluthe kratya malunga nemo yemolekyuli yecandelo, enika isazalo esithile sezixhobo kunye nezinto ezifanayo. Olu buthongo bubuchwephesha bunceda ukunciphisa iiposta zobuxoki ezinokuthi zenzeke nezinye iindlela zokuhlola.

2. Izakhono ezibanzi zokuhlola

I-GC-ms iyakwazi ukufaka izinto ezininzi:

Ukuvavanywa kwamachiza amaninzi: Itekhnoloji inokuphinda ihlalutye ngamachiza amaninzi kunye neemetabolites zazo kwisampulu enye. Olu ncedo lubanzi lubalulekile kwiToology yeToxical, apho izigulana zinokutyhilwa kwizinto ezahlukeneyo.

Ukuziqhelanisa nezinto ezintsha: Njengamachiza amatsha avela kwintengiso, ezi zinto zinokufakwa kwiprotocol yovavanyo ye-GC-NS ngokuhlaziya iiparameter zendlela okanye iinkcukacha zethala leencwadi ezisetyenziselwa ukuchongwa.


Ngaba uyawazi umahluko phakathi kwee-vials ze-HPLC kunye ne-GC Vials? Jonga eli nqaku:Nguwuphi umahluko phakathi kwee-vials ze-HPLC kunye ne-GC Vials?

I-3. Uvavanyo lweNkcitho

Ngelixa uvavanyo lokuqala lokuqalisa, njengokungathi lumgono, lunokubonisa ubukho besiyobisi, bahlala bengakwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuba:

UCWANGCISO LWEZOBUCHULE: I-GC-MS inokusetyenziswa njengovavanyo oluqinisekisiweyo emva kokuhlolwa kokuqala. Iziphumo ezilungileyo ezivela kuJunOSSSS zinokuqinisekiswa luhlalutyo lwe-GC-MS, ukubonelela ngobungqina obufanelekileyo bokugcina izigqibo ezisemthethweni okanye zezonyango.

Ukuthotyelwa komthetho: Kwisetingi ye-forensic, iiarhente zolawulo zihlala zifuna uvavanyo lokuqinisekiswa ngeendlela ezinje nge-GC-Nk ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kunye nokuthembeka kweziphumo zovavanyo lweziyobisi.

Ukusetyenziswa kwe-GC-NS kwi-GC kuvavanyo lweziyobisi

I-1. I-Toical Toology

Kwiilebhu zeTolinical I-Toboragy, i-GC-MS ihlala isetyenziselwa ukuhlalutya iisampulu zonyulo lwamachiza okuxhatshazwa:

Amatyala etyhefu kunye netyhefu: Idlala indima ephambili ekuvavanyeni izigulana ngemeko eguqulweyo yengqondo ngenxa ye-overdose eneziyobisi okanye ityhefu. Ngokuchonga izinto ezithile ezikhoyo kumchamo, abantu basekliniki banokwenza izigqibo zonyango.

Ukubeka iliso kusetyenziso lweSiyobisi ngoNyango: I-GC-MS ikwasetyenziswa ukubeka esweni ukuthotyelwa kweyomishini, ukuqinisekisa ukuba izigulana zithatha amayeza njengoko ziyalelwe kwaye azisebenzi kakuhle okanye zikrexezi.

2. Izicelo zoPhando

I-GC-NS isetyenziselwa ukufundisisa i-metabolism yechiza kunye ne-pharmaconkinetics:

Uhlalutyo lweMetabolite: Abaphandi basebenzisa i-GC-Nks ukuhlalutya imetabolites emva kokuba kulawulwa ngamachiza, nto leyo encedayo ukuba iziyobisi zisebenza njani emzimbeni.

Ukuphuhliswa kweendlela ezintsha zohlalutyo: Ukuguquguquka kwe-GC-MS ivumela abaphandi ukuba baphuhlise iindlela ezitsha ezijolise kwimigangatho ethile yovavanyo lovavanyo lohlalutyo.

Ukuqukumbela

I-chromatography-Mass Spectrametry (GC-MS) iye yaba yiTekhnoloji esemgangathweni yeGolide yokuvavanywa kwezichizana ngenxa yokuziva unobuchule obuphezulu, okuthile, kunye nezakhono zokuhlola. Isakhono saso sokubonelela ngeziphumo eziqinisekileyo zenza ukuba ingabaluleki kuzo zombini i-Toolonogy yeToolonology kunye noHlaziyo lwe-Fonnic. Njengoko amachiza amatsha ayaqhubeka nokuvela kwaye aphuhlise, ukulungelelaniswa kwe-GC-MS-MS iqinisekisa ukuba ihlala iphambili kuvavanyo lokuhlaziya kwizicelo zokuvavanya.

Ngokusebenzisa kakuhle itekhnoloji ye-GC-MS, iilebhu inokuphucula amandla abo okuhlalutya ngelixa kuqinisekisa iziphumo ezichanileyo nezinokuthenjwa ezibaluleke kakhulu ekukhuseleni ngoonesimo kunye nokuthobela umthetho.


Ngolwazi oluthe kratya malunga ne-vials ye-autosampler ye-chromatography, ibhekisa kweli nqaku: I-2 ml automampler vials ye-chromatography yegesi