Uyazi ngephepha le-chromatography?

Iphepha i-Chromatography iyindlela yokuhlaziya esetshenziswa kabanzi ehlukanisa futhi ekhomba izingxube zezinto ezisuselwa kwizivumelwano zazo ezahlukahlukene zesigaba seminyaka (iphepha) kanye nesigaba seselula (solvent). Kuwusizo ikakhulukazi ku-chemistry kanye ne-biochemistry yokuhlaziya inqwaba yezinto ezifana nemibala, ama-amino acid, nezinye izinhlanganisela eziphilayo.

Yini i-chromatography yephepha?

Iphepha le-Chromatography uhlobo lwe-chromatography ewuketshezi lapho isigaba se-state station ishidi lephepha lokuhlunga nesigaba se-solvent sigeleza ngephepha lokuhlunga. Indlela ethembele ekuhlukanisweni kokuhlukanisayo kwamakhompiyutha phakathi kwesigaba seminyaka (iphepha lokuhlunga) kanye nesigaba seselula (solvent). Njengoba i-solvent iqhubekela phambili iphepha lokuhlunga ngesenzo se-capillary, lithwele izakhi zengxube ngamanani ahlukene ngokusekelwe ekuphatheni kwabo kwezigaba ezimbili.

Izimiso eziyisisekelo ngemuva kwephepha le-Chromatography zingaqondwa ngemiqondo emibili eyinhloko: ukwahlukanisa i-chromatography kanye ne-adsorption chromatography.

I-Chromatography yokwahlukanisa: kulolu hlobo, izinto zisatshalaliswa phakathi kwezigaba ezimbili zoketshezi. Isigaba esimisiwe sinamanzi kuma-pores ephepheni lokuhlunga, ngenkathi isigaba se-solvent sihamba ngalezi zingama-pores. Ukuhlukaniswa kwenzeka ngoba amakhompiyutha ahlukile anezinhlangano ezahlukahlukene zezigaba ezimile nezimpahla zeselula.

I-Adsorption Chromatography: Lapha, ingaphezulu eliqinile lephepha lisebenza njengesigaba sokuma kanye ne-solvent ye-liquid isebenza njengesigaba seselula. Izakhi ezikulo ngxube zihlukaniswe ngokususelwa ku-adsorption yazo kuya endaweni eqinile kanye nokuzinikela kwazo esigabeni se-liquid.

Izingxenye

Isigaba Sesiteshi: Iphepha le-Chromatographic, elivame ukwenziwa nge-cellulose. Inikeza indawo yezinto zokulandela.

Isigaba seselula: i-solvent noma inhlanganisela yama-solvents ashukumisela ephepheni ngesenzo se-capillary. Ukukhethwa kwe-solvent kungathinta kakhulu inqubo yokuhlukanisa.

Isampula: Ingxube okufanele ihlaziywe, imvamisa ibonwa endaweni yokuqala ebekiwe ephepheni.

Ufuna ukwazi kabanzi nge-HPLC Sampula Ukulungiselela, sicela ubheke le ndatshana: I-HPLC isampula izixazululo zokulungiselela imiphumela emihle kakhulu

Inqubo ye-chromatography yephepha

Ukulungiselela: Khetha iphepha lokuhlunga eliphakeme eline-porolity ethile yokuqinisekisa ukuhlukaniswa okusebenzayo. Faka ingxenye encane yengxubevange yesampula kuya kusisekelo sephepha le-chromatomatography.

Ukulungiswa kwesampula: Chaza ingxubevange yesampula ku-solvent efanelekile njengengxenye yesigaba seselula.

Ukubona: Sebenzisa i-capillary noma i-micropipete ukukala inani elincane lesisombululo sesampula esisekelweni ephepheni lokuhlunga.

Ukuthuthukiswa: cwilisa onqenqemeni olungaphansi lwephepha lokuhlola ku-solvent ethuthukayo (isigaba seselula). Njengoba kwenzeka isenzo se-capillary, i-solvent ikhuphuka ngephepha lokuhlola, iphethe izakhi zesampula ngayo.

Ukuhlukaniswa: Njengoba i-solvent ihamba, izingxenye ezahlukahlukene zesampula zizohamba ngamanani ahlukene ngenxa yokusebenzisana kwabo nesigaba sokuma kanye ne-solubity ehlukile esigabeni seselula.

Ukubona ngeso lengqondo: Ngemuva kokuthi i-solvent ngaphambili ihambile ibanga elanele, iphepha lisuswa kwi-solvent futhi kwesokunxele ukuze lome. Izakhi zingabonakala ziboniswe kusetshenziswa ukukhanya kwe-UV, amakhemikhali amakhemikhali, noma ngokubuka izinguquko zombala.

Ukuhlaziywa: Ibanga elihanjwa yingxenye ngayinye ehlobene ne-solvent ngaphambili ilinganiswe ukubala inani le-RF (isici sokugcina) sokukhonjwa.

Izicelo zephepha le-Chromatography

Iphepha le-Chromatography linezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo ezinkundleni ezahlukahlukene:

I-Biochemistry: Ukuhlaziywa kwama-amino acid, ushukela, namanye ama-biomolecule.

Izemithi: Ukukhonjwa kwezithako ezisebenzayo kanye nokungcola ekunikezelweni kwezidakamizwa. Kusetshenziselwa ukukhomba amakhompiyutha asebenzayo kanye nokungcola ekwakhekeni kwezidakamizwa ngesikhathi sokuthuthuka kanye nokulawulwa kwekhwalithi.

Isayensi Yezemvelo: Iphepha le-Chromatography lisetshenziselwa ukuthola izingodo kumasampula wamanzi futhi lihlaziye ama-cotraminants ekukhishweni kwenhlabathi.

Imboni yokudla: Inqubo iyasiza ekuhlaziyeni izengezo, ezingcolisayo, kanye namabala, kanye namabala ekudleni ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhambisana nemithetho yezokuphepha.

Izinzuzo zephepha le-Chromatography

Ukusebenza kwezindleko: Kudinga imishini emincane nezinto zokwakha uma kuqhathaniswa namanye amasu we-chromatographic afana ne-HPLC (i-chromatography ephezulu yokusebenza kwe-chromatography). Ukulula: Inqubo ilula kakhulu futhi ingenziwa ngamathuluzi welabhoratri ayisisekelo, ngakho-ke ingasetshenziselwa izinjongo zokufundisa.

Isidingo sethamo lesampula ephansi: Inani elincane lesampula elidingekayo ukuhlaziya, okwenza lilungele amasampula ayigugu noma akhawulelwe.

Okuhlukahlukene

Ukulinganiselwa kwephepha le-Chromatography

Naphezu kwezinzuzo zayo, i-chromatography yephepha inokulinganiselwa okuthile:

Umthamo olinganiselwe: Ngokuvamile kufanelekile amavolumu amasampula amancane.

Isixazululo: Isinqumo kungenzeka singabi siphakeme njengoba sitholwe ngamasu athuthukile afana ne-HPLC noma i-chromatography (GC).

Isikhathi sokudla: Ngenxa yesilinganiso sokufuduka okuhamba kancane, inqubo ingathatha isikhathi eside uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela ze-chromatographic.

Ukuhlaziywa okulinganiselwe okulinganiselwe: ngenkathi imiphumela yokufaneleka ingatholakala kalula, izindlela ezengeziwe zokulinganisa zingadingeka ukuze zinciphise ukugxila.

Iphepha le-Chromatography lihlala liyindlela ebalulekile yokuhlukanisa nokuhlaziya izingxube ezinhlobonhlobo zezinkambu zesayensi. Ukulula kwayo, ukusebenza kwezindleko, kanye nekhono lokuhlinzeka ngemiphumela enengqondo kwenza kube yithuluzi elibalulekile lokokhethi kanye nabacwaningi. Naphezu kokulinganiselwa kwayo kuqhathaniswa namasu athuthukile we-chromatographic, asetshenziswa kabanzi ngezinhloso zemfundo nokuhlaziywa kokuqala ezindaweni zokucwaninga.

Ufuna ukwazi izimpendulo ezingama-50 mayelana ne-HPLC VIALS, sicela uhlole le ndatshana: Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa kaningi ku-HPLC VIALS