E phahameng haholo \ mocheso o tlase haholo oa ho tsitsipana le ho tsitsipalla

Lithuto tsa botsitso li hlahloba hore na tlhahlobo ea morao-rao (e.60, meriana e nyane ea tikoloho) Lisebelisoa tsa mocheso le tse tlase tse tlase li ka susumetsa setlolo sa lik'hemik'hale, liphetoho tsa sebopeho kapa karohano ea mekha; Ho pepesetsoa ka matla ho ka baka cleavage ea bolo ea mahala ea bolokolohi ba ketane ea mahala. Ka mokhoa o hlophisehileng litlamorao tsa 'mele oa 40 ° C,' me ho bobebe hangata ka mehlala e fapaneng ea mehlala ea li-decanical ho netefatsa boleng le ho tšepahala. Pampiri ena e bua haholo ka mekhoa le mekhoa ea Thekiso ea The Invoers

1. Mocheso o phahameng (40 ° C) o ama limolek'hule tse nyane tsa limolek'hule le tšepe ea tšepe joang?

Mocheso o phahameng o potlakisa litefiso tsa karabelo, ka tloaelo e mpefatsa monko oa manyolo ebile o senya metsoako e sebetsang. Ho Teko ea Bokhoni ba melimo, 40 ° C \ 75% RH e sebelisoa e le boemo bo potlakileng ba ho bolela boitšoaro ba nako e telele. Mocheso o phahameng o ka susumetsa oxidation, o ka omella ka nepo

1.1 LITLHAKISO TSE KHOLO TSE LING TSE LING TSE LING

• Ho senyeha hoa bofokoli:Lipids kapa botonics li oxifsic hang ka makhetlo a 40 ° C, e etsa lihlahisoa tsa sophelang.
  
  

• Hydrolysis:Ester kapa likamore tsa moahohola li ile tsa lebela habonolo ha a futhumatsa, a inehela habonolo, a li-acid, kapa linohe.
  
  

• Isomerication:Cis-Trans ho fetoha le ho sokoloha kapa labomamization ho ka fokotsa ts'ebetso.
  
  

Mohlala: Rafamycin (le iv prodrug cci-779) e bolokiloeng ho 40 ° C \ 75% e sa tsoakoang Kahoo, litaba tse sebetsang le limpho tsa bohlokoa li tlameha ho ba leihlo tlas'a mocheso mocheso.

1.2 Litlamorao tsa Bohlokoa ho Tharollo ea Ione

• Ho tsilatsila ho rarahana:Metal-ligand equilibrium e lekanang e fapana ka mocheso; Likhamphani tse fokolang li ka khetha, ho lokolla ions.
  
  

• Fumane le pula:Le ha letsoai le bangata le lekanang le qhibiliha ho feta ho t, tse ling (e.g., hydroxides, li-hydroxides, li-hydroxides, li-hydrova Ka mohlala, calcium carbonate, mohlala, e theha li-hydraits tse fapaneng tsa lithemparetjha, ho ama liriti tsa morphology.
  
  

• Setsi sa 'muso:Semela se ka axidize ho F³⁺ e phahamisitsoeng t, ho phela ha hydroxides le ho fetola tharollo ea tharollo ea hau.
  
  

Ho 40 ° C, ho hapa taolo e rarahaneng le kotsi ea ho beha mabaka ho qoba tahlehelo ea ion kapa liphetoho tsa puisano.

1.3 rala lipotso tse phahameng tsa mocheso le mekhoa ea ho lekanya

Mekhoa e tloaelehileng ea tlhahlobo e akaretsang e kenyelletsa:

• DSC (calosithute e fapaneng ea Scanitimery):E lekanya botsitso ba mollo, maemo a bokhachane le lintho tsa botona le botšehali.
  
  

• UV-vis spectophotometry:Lits'oants'o tsa ho ba teng kapa li-colours tsa mebala ho tsebisang tse sebetsang kapa tse sitisang ka nako e telele.
  
  

• ICP-MS \ AAS:Takatso e neng e nepahetse ho bokella meabo ea tšepe hantle, tahlehelo tahlehelo kapa e sa tsotelloe ka sepheo sa mocheso.
  
  

• Hplc \ gc-ms:E arola le ho supa lihlahisoa tse litšila, ho bala bosholu ba motsoali.
  
  

Mohlala Protocol: Beha sampole ka bate ea metsi a 40 ° C Nako le nako ho matha ha DSC scans ea liketsahalo tsa DSC bakeng sa liketsahalo tsa li-futhumatsang, lekanya ho ba sieo, 'me u sebelise ICP-MS ho latela maemo a ione. Mekhoa ena ena e fana ka maikutlo a phethahetseng ka liphetoho tse hlahisoang ke mocheso.

2. Ho boloka marang-rang a ho bata joang (-20 ° C) ho ama mohlala joang?

ANT -20 ° C, Li-ITRZing tsa Marang-rang tsa Marang-rang li na le karohano kapa karohano ea likotsi kapa ho tsitsipaola. Litlolo tsa leqhoa li kenyelletsa li-solutes ka mekotleng e se keng sa hlalosoa, tse siiloeng ke khatello ea lehae kapa ph, tse ka tsosang karabelo kapa ph, e ka tsosang karabelo kapa ph, e ka tsosang karabelo kapa ph, e ka tsosa maikutlo a sa lebelloang kapa ph, e ka tsosang karabelo kapa ph, e ka tsosa maikutlo a sa lebelloang kapa ph. Ho foqoha khafetsa-thaw ho ka senya sebopeho le botšepehi ba mohlala.

2.1 Liphello tsa mahala ka limolek'hule tse nyane

Nakong ea ho fifala-thaw, lila hloko ka likristale tsa lehloa, hangata li nchafatsa kapa hangata li nchafatsa kapa tse ngata haholo mabapi le ho nyopa. Ka mokhoa oa macroscopita e hlaha e le turbidity kapa ho fafatsa; Microscopically, ho hlophisoa ha lilolek'hule kapa ho etsa lintho. Boithuto ba lilaebrari tsa DMSO-Etheo ea Libili tsa DMSO Litsamaiso tsa Systems tsa karohano ea bohato li hloka taolo le boikarabello ba ho ikoetlisa ka thata.

Mekhoa ea 2 ea Tharollo ea tšepe

Ho thetsoa ha leqhoa ho sutumetsa Ions ea tšepe le li-additives ho methapong ea metsi, nakoana ea ho holisa khatello ea maikutlo. Bakeng sa tšepe ea Zero-Valentin (zvi), freeze-thawe e shebileng ho proton e lahlang sekala se fetang; Litols tse phetiloeng (e.g., NI²ve) Disos Philemo e joalo le Ion e ka chesa k'hemistimo tsa mantlha tsa kelello le tekolo, e amang botsitso bo boholo ba tharollo.

2.3 e lekanya litšusumetso tsa mahala

• Dls (khanya e bobebe e hasaneng):Litaelo tse ling tsa lintho tse fetohang
  
  

• ICP-MS \ AAS:Lekala lipuisano tsa tšepe tsa tšepe pele le kamora ho lokolla kapa ho lekola ho tela kapa ho etsa pula.
  
  

• Clarzemest Freeze-thaw cycling:Latela Tataiso ea IDA (E.g., potoloho e meraro:
  
  

Ka mekhoa ena, Labs e ka ntlafatsa litlamorao tsa ho lokolla le ho ntlafatsa polokelo ea \ lipalangoang.

3. Mokhoa oa ho lekanya litefiso tsa lifoto tsa liforomo tsa lifoto tsa lifoto?

Metsoako e nang le litsamaiso tse kopaneng, mehele e nkhang hamonate, kapa litsi tsa tšepe e monya uv \ feela li-Photons Ho utloisisa mekhoa ena ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ho hlaolela liteko tse bobebe tse bobebe le litšoantšo tse ntlehali tsa litšoantšo.

3.1 Ke mekhahlelo efe e nang le khanya e bobebe 'me kahoo?

• Dyes ka lits'ebetso tse kopaneng kapa meaho ea likhoele tsa tšepe e monya bobebe le mehele e khanyang kapa litlamo, e etsa li-radicals.
  
  

• Lioli tse sa utloahaleng ka liqhomane tsa litlama li ka ba mouoane kapa motlhala tlasa uv \ mocheso.
  
  

• Limolek'hule tse nang le litlamo tse fokolang (e.g., nitroso, peroxide) li tloaetse ho tloaela setšoantšo sa lifoto.
  Sebopeho leha e le sefe se nang le li-chromephores kapa li-mum tse se nang chelete li ka bakolli-bionization, lijaki, litsietsi le seabe se fetotsoeng kapa se setle haholo.
  
  
  

3.2 E teka-tekano

Per ich Q1b:

• Sethala se qobelloang: Lipolelo tsa sampole ho isa leseli le thata ho 'mapa litšila tsohle tse ka bang teng.
  
  

• Mohato oa netefatso: Sebelisa tekanyetso e hlalositsoeng ea leseli ho lekola botsitso ba tlhaho.
  Lintlha tsa Bohlokoa:
  
  

• Mohloli oa Leseli: Khanya ea Leseli (D65 \ ID ea Fluorescent, Xeon-ARC
  
  

• Sebopeho sa mohlala: Sebaka ka har'a lisebelisoa tse ling, tse pepeneneng, li behiloe sephaphathehi bakeng sa ho pepesetsoa junifomo, ka taolo e lefifi. Haeba phepelo e boima e boima e etsahala, nako ea ho pepesetsoa nako e khuts'oane ea \ .
  
  

• Tekanyetso ea DESE: Calibrate IRRRADIANIANT (E.G.
  
  

Taolo e thata ebile e lefifi \ papiso e bobebe e hlahisa data e tšepahalang le tlhaiso-leseling e bobebe.

3.3 Photodegradation Kinetic Mohlala

Photodegramation hangata e latela li-kintics tsa odara:

C (t) = c0e-ktc (t) = c_0 e ^ - kt}

moo k e lulang teng. Boitšoaro bo hlophisitsoeng ka sebopeho se ka lumellana le mohlala oa Langmuir-Hinshelwood. Ka ho latella mahlofatso ka UV-vir kapa HPTC-Ms Nako, K e ka tsamaisoa. Sebapali sa Photochemical Moleng (φ) -molecules o ile oa amohela ka makhetlo a mangata ka ho bapisa ka sekhahla sa ho senya tse mabifi. Lirapa tsena li akaretsa botsitso bo bobebe.

4. Mekhoa e khothalelitsoeng

Kopanya mekhoa e mengata ea tlhahlobo ea boitlamo ba ho ba le maemo a holimo:

• Phahameng-t \ freeze-thaw:
  - DSC bakeng sa liketsahalo tse futhumetseng \ phase
  - Ketsahalo ea UV
  - ICP-MS \ AAS bakeng sa ho fetola tšepe
  - Dls bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea hau ea \
  
  

• Lifoto:
  - Vis-Vis Vis-Vis ea Absetic Absorbsance
  - HPTC-MS bakeng sa boitsebahatso bo mabifi le bo sa feleng
  - Sekhahla sa girm 'me ha u le lipalo tse lulang li thehiloe holima tekanyetso ea leseli
  
  

Etsa bonnete ba taolo e thata (mehloli e mengata, mehloli e fapaneng), e qaqisang le kalafo ea lipalo ho netefatsa sephetho.

5. Tlhahiso e sebetsang ea data e tsitsitseng

Ho fetisa liphuputso ho hlakile, itokisetsang:

• Maqhubu a Phaseriso V. Libaka Lipapatso: Bapisa maemo a mafolofolo kapa a Ion tlasa 40 ° C. - ° C.
  
  

• Photodegraadation kontetics curves: Bontša ho tsepamisa mohopolo kapa ho monya nako ea ho pepeseha ho kenyeletsa nako ea ho pepeseha
  
  

• Thermograms: Bontša Sumol \ ho tloha ho isa ho liphetoho kapa ho bolaoa hoa ho futhumatsa.
  
  

• Litšoantšo tsa ts'ebetso: Etsa papiso ea li-presents tsa mahala kapa ho boloka thepa
  
  

Linotlolo tse entsoeng hantle tse entsoeng hantle li tšehetsa toloko le puisano.

Sephetho

Khatello ea maikutlo e amang botsitso ka litsela tse ikhethileng: khatello ea maikutlo ea leqhetsoana, haholo-holo limolek'hule tse hlahang kapa tse bobebe). Ho boloka le ho tsamaisa se lokela ho tsamaisana: Lisebelisoa tse bobebe tse nang le lijana tse laoloang ke mocheso, le litsamaiso tse sa tsotelleng ka li-mined tse batang kapa li-naetrogen tse nang le metsi. Mosebetsi oa kamoso o lokela ho hlahloba likhatello tse kopaneng (e.g., mocheso + leseli) ho ntlafatsa likeletso tse felletseng tsa tiisireishene.

Lintlha tse ling

• Diyuniti:Leseli le bobebe ho J \ M² kapa lihora tse ngata; Rate Contern K ka letsatsi; palo ea qohlo φ; Likahare tse setseng joalo ka%.
  
  

• Mekhabiso ea Mohlala:Etsa li-protocols ka karolo ea sehlopha (API, manyalo a masoba, manyolo a tikoloho, letsoai la tšepe a ho fana ka likeletso tse netefalitsoeng.
  
  

Litšupiso: ho ipapisitse le ich Q1A \ cb litataiso, tse tsitsitseng Agnex ea 10, le lingoliloeng tsa hajoale.