I-tonicic ityhefu yinkalo ebalulekileyo yesayensi, idlala indima yophando kulwaphulo-mthetho kunye neenkqubo zomthetho. I-tooologists isebenzisa iisampulu zebhayoloji ezinje ngegazi, umchamo kunye neesampulu zeenwele ukuze zifumane amachiza, utywala okanye ezinye izinto ezinokubakho. Ukufezekisa iziphumo ezichanekileyo nezinokuthenjwa zisebenzisa i-chromatography yegesi (GC) kunye ne-chromatography ye-chromatography (LC), kunye neevisha ezizodwa zenzelwe uvavanyo lwe-Toolotynology. Kweli nqaku sivavanya ukubaluleka kwabo njengezinxalenye ezahlukeneyo zohlalutyo lwetyhefu.

I-chromatography kwi-forensic ityhefu

I-chromatography yindlela esetyenziswayo esetyenziswa kwi-toolonology ukukhetha kwaye ichonge izinto ezahlukeneyo ezikhoyo kwimixube entsonkothileyo. Isekwe kwimigaqo yolwahlulelo eyahlukeneyo, ebandakanya ukwahlula iisampulu phakathi kwenqanaba lesikhululo kunye nenqanaba leselula; Izinto ezikwisampulu ziya kunxibelelana ngokwahlukileyo kwezi nqanaba ezikhokelela kwisando olusekwe kwizahlulo zomzimba okanye zekhemikhali zamacandelo athile kwisampulu.

Iindlela ze-chromatographic kwi-forensic ityhefu

Iingcali zetyhefu ze-forensic zisebenzisa ubuchule beendlela ezahlukeneyo ze-chromatography, kuxhomekeka kuhlalutyo bavavanya:

I-chromatography yegesi (GC): I-chromatography yegesi isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kuhlalutyo lwezinye zezinto eziguqukayo njengotywala, iziyobisi, kunye neendawo ezisebenza eziguqukayo. Ukusebenzisa i-GC ngokuphumelelayo, iisampulu kufuneka kuqala zifakwe qho ngaphambi kokuba zingeniswe kwikholamu yenqanaba lesikhululo senqanaba elisekwe kulwahluko kwi-vapor kwi-VAORICRORMALISRORRANISISHINIT; I-vials ekhethekileyo eyenzelwe ngokukodwa kule nkqubo iqinisekisa inampula yesampulu echanekileyo ngelahleko encinci ngelinkqubo.

I-chromatography ye-chromatography (LC): I-Chromatography ye-fromatoography yindlela ekwaziyo ukuphatha uluhlu lweemiqobo ezivela kwizinto ezivela kwizinto ezingenakukrexeza kunye nezibilini. Ukuqhuba uhlalutyo kunye nale ndlela, isampulu kufuneka kuqala inyibilikiswe kwinqanaba le-allist olwenziweyo ngaphambi kokudlula kwinqanaba lesikhululo sekholamu yohlalutyo. Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeekholamu okanye ii-vials zinokusetyenziswa ngokuxhomekeke kuhlalutyi-mali 'iimfuno zokwahlulahlula kunye neemfuno zokwahlukana kunye neemfuno zokwahlukana.

I-in-in-in-in-in-in-in-in-in-veres ijongene nezicelo ezahlukeneyo ze-vials zeChromatography, phonononga eli nqaku lifundisayo:I-15 izicelo ze-vialsgraphys kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo

I-chillsgraphy ye-chromatography ayinamaqhawekazi

I-chialsgraphy ye-chromatographyInxalenye ebalulekileyo yeenkqubo zeChromatography, zihlala zityhafile ngenxa yokugxila kwiindlela zokuhlalutya ngokwazo. Nangona le vils idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekugcineni ingqibelelo yesampulu kunye nohlalutyo oluchanekileyo:

Izixhobo kunye nokuhambelana:

I-Vials iqhele ukwakhiwa kweglasi ye-borossilicate okanye izixhobo ze-intert. Iglasi ye-borossilicate ikhuselwe ngenxa yokunganyangeki kwekhemikhali kunye nokukhula okuphantsi; Zonke izixhobo kufuneka zihambelane nazo zombini iindlela zesampulu ze-matrix kunye ne-chromatographic esetyenziswayo ukunqanda ukwanda kwezisombululo.

Ubungakanani kunye nevolumu:

Ubungakanani be-Vial kunye neQela kufuneka luhlangabezane neemfuno zesampula kunye nenkcazo yesixhobo seziphumo ezifanelekileyo. Ii-vials ezincinci zisetyenziselwa imiqulu encinci ngelixa i-vials ezinkulu kufuneka zisetyenziswe xa ziphatha iisampulu ze-bulkier. Okokugqibela, ukutyhoboza kunye neemfuno zokuvalwa kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo.

Ukutywinwa kunye nokuvalwa:

Indlela efanelekileyo yokutywina kunye neendlela zokuvalwa zibaluleke kakhulu ukuze zithintele isampulu kunye nongcoliseko, kunye ne-CAPS ye-CAPS, i-CREMP CAPS okanye i-Snap COPSE.

Ukucoceka nokucoceka:

I-vialsgraphy yeChromatography kufuneka icocwe ngokupheleleyo ekupheliseni naziphi na intsalela okanye i-ungcoliseko, ngelixa ezinye ii-Vials ziqinisekisiwe njengempikiswano ngokuhlangana nemigangatho ethile yokucoceka. Ukulawulwa komgangatho kunye neenkqubo zokuqinisekisa kufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngexesha lenkqubo yazo yokucoca.

Ukulawulwa komgangatho kunye nokuqinisekiswa

Ukuchaneka, ukuchaneka kunye nokuthembeka kubaluleke kakhulu kwiilebhu zetyhefu zetyhefu, ezihambelana neepropuokhrithi zolawulo lomgangatho kunye nokuqinisekisa iziphumo ezingaguqukiyo nezisebenzayo. Izifundo zokuqinisekiswa zibandakanya iinkqubo zokuvavanya i-chromatographys ezinjengee-vials ukuze zifezekiswe ngokuchanekileyo, ukuchaneka, ilayini kunye neemvakalelo zovakalelo; Ukulungiswa rhoqo kunye nokulungelelaniswa kwezi zixhobo-kubandakanya iinkqubo ze-Vial Compy-ikwabalulekile ekufezekiseni iziphumo ezingaguqukiyo nezisebenzayo.

Ukuqukumbela

I-chialsgraphy ye-chromatographyzizinto ezinobungangamsha kwi-tonsic ye-tonic ye-tonic, ibonelela ngokwahlula-hlula kunye nokuhlaziya amakhonkco kwiisampulu zebhayoloji ezintsonkothileyo. Xa ukhetha ezi vils zokusetyenziswa, ukuqwalaselwa ngononophelo kufuneka kunikwe kwindima yabo enokubakho ngokusekwe kuzo zombini isampulu yesampula kunye neendlela zeChromatographys onyuliweyo. Ukulawulwa komgangatho kunye neenkqubo zokuqinisekisa zongeza iziphumo zophando lwe-forensic, zibonelela ngesiqinisekiso esithile ekusukeleni ubulungisa kunye nokuseka iinyani kumatyala abandakanya izinto eziyityhefu. Inkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji igalelo kwinkqubela phambili ye-vialsgraphy ye-vials kunye nokuyilwa kwakhona, ukwanda kokuchaneka kunye nokusebenza kwempumelelo kwi-tooology labs kwihlabathi liphela. Benza njengentshatsheli ethe cwaka ekuqinisekiseni ubulungisa bukhonzwa ngommandla wesayensi kunye nokuchaneka.

Ngeenkcukacha ezibanzi kwi-vials ye-HPLC, hlala kweli nqaku lifundisayo:I-50 kakhulu imibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo kwi-vials ye-HPPL

Ngaphambili:

I-18mm Chialsgraphys vials: 3 Izinto zokukhetha eziphezulu zohlalutyo oluchanekileyo

Okulandelayo:

Yonke into ofuna ukuyazi malunga neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeZixhobo zeSepta kwi-vialsgraphy ye-chromatography