Ka laboratoring ea morao-rao ea tlhahlobo, chromatography e feta hōle protocol e tloaelehileng; ke motjeko o rarahaneng oa likamano tsa limolek'hule. Hore na o lekanya litšila tsa meriana kapa o bona litšila tse silafatsang tikoloho maemong a morao-rao, ho utloisisa fisiks ea karohano ea hau ke hona ho khethollang setsebi ho tsoa ho setsebi sa chromatograph.
Katleho ea laborateng ha e tsoe feela ka lisebelisoa tsa maemo a holimo. E phela tumellanong pakeng tsa k'hemistri ea mokhoa oa hau le lisebelisoa tsa boleng bo holimo tse sireletsang mohlala oa hau oa botšepehi. Bakeng sa ba tsamaisang mathata a
HPLC vs LC-MS: Eo U ka e Khethang
, kapa ho loana le metheo e sa tsitsang, tataiso ena e arolelana liphiri tsa mahlakoreng a benche ho fihlela data ea maemo a lefats'e le ho eketsa nako ea lisebelisoa.
Ho utloisisa ho ts'oarana ka letsoho ha Hydrophobic: Reverse Phase Chromatography ke eng?
Ho araba potso ea motheo - hore na reverse phase chromatography ke eng - motho o tlameha ho sheba ka nqane ho tlhaloso ea buka. Motheong oa eona, ke karohano e thehiloeng ho "tšabo ea metsi" (hydrophobicity). Karolong e ka morao ea khatello e phahameng ea metsi chromatography (RP-HPLC), re sebelisa mokhahlelo o sa emeng oa polar le karolo ea polar mobile ho hlophisa limolek'hule ka sebopeho sa tsona sa hydrophobic.
K'hemistri ea Ketane ea C18 (Octadecyl).
Karolo e tloaelehileng ea ho emisa e kenyelletsa likaroloana tse thehiloeng ho silica tse kopantsoeng le liketane tsa C18 (octadecyl). Ho tsoa phihlelong ea ka, boima ba liketane tsena tsa C18 le boleng ba ts'ehetso ea silika li lekanya ho thatafala ha mokhoa oa hau. Bahlahlobisisi ba bangata ba kopana le peak tailing ha ba hlahloba metsoako ea motheo. Hangata sena se bakoa ke lihlopha tse setseng tsa silanol holim'a silika e sebetsang e le libaka tse sa batleheng tsa phapanyetsano ea ion.
Ho rarolla sena, re sebelisa kholomo e nang le sekoaelo sa ho qetela, moo li-silane tse nyane li "manyang" libaka tsena tse sebetsang. Leha ho le joalo, esita le kholomo e ntle ka ho fetisisa e ke ke ea lokisa ente e mpe. Haeba tlhoro ea hau ea chromatographic e shebahala e sothehile pele e fihla kholomong, hlahloba vial ea hau. Ho sebelisa bohloeki bo phahameng
9mm Likotlolo tse Khutšoane tse nang le Universal Fit
e etsa bonnete ba hore analyte ea hau ha e ipapise le mabota a vial pele nalete e e nka.
The Art of the Organic Modifier in HPLC Method Development
Nako ea ho boloka bahlahlobisisi ba hau e laoloa ke HPLC ea organic modifier. Ka ho fetola karo-karolelano ea Acetonitrile kapa Methanol ho buffer ea hau e nang le metsi, o lokisa "matla a elution" a mohato oa mohala.
Leraba le tloaelehileng leo ke le bonang phetisong ea mekhoa ke mokhoa o sa utloisisoeng hantle oa gradient elution curve. Haeba u theola manyolo ka potlako haholo, u lahleheloa ke qeto; butle haholo, 'me u tšoeroe ke ho ata ha tlhōrō le ho senyeha ha solvent. Ha o suthela pakeng tsa
Analytical vs Preparative HPLC
, ho laola moepa oa gradient e ba ntlha ea mantlha molemong oa ho nyolla ka katleho. Hopola, Acetonitrile e fana ka viscosity e tlase le matla a phahameng a elution, athe Methanol e ka fana ka khetho e fapaneng bakeng sa metsoako ea polar eo ACN e ka 'nang ea e fosa.
Deciphering GC Elution Order: Predicting Compound Separation
Ho bolela esale pele taelo ea gc ke e 'ngoe ea liqholotso tse putsang ka ho fetesisa ho setsebi sa chromatograph ea khase. Ho fapana le HPLC, moo k'hemistri ea solvent e leng eona lehare la mantlha, karohano ea GC e laeloa ke "Boraro-bo-bong ba Karohano": ntlha e belang, polarity ea molek'hule, le lenaneo la mocheso oa kholomo.
Thermodynamics vs. Dipole Interactions
Mokhahlelong oo e seng oa polar stationary, gc elution order e latela hantle ntlha e belang. Metsoako e feto-fetohang haholoanyane e tsoa pele. Leha ho le joalo, papali e fetoha ha u sebelisa kholomo ea polar joalo ka PEG\/Wax. Haufinyane tjena ke ile ka sebetsana le morero o amanang le li-isomers moo lintlha tse belang li batlang li tšoana. Ka ho fetohela karolong ea polar, litšebelisano tsa dipole-dipole li ile tsa re lumella ho arola metsoako ena ho latela sebopeho sa bona sa elektronike ho e-na le boholo ba bona.
Bakeng sa mosebetsi o nang le kutloisiso e phahameng joalo ka tlhahlobo ea mohlala oa tikoloho, botšepehi ba setshelo sa hau sa mohlala bo bohlokoa haholo. Ho sebelisa
20mm Linkho tsa Crimp Top Headspace
e thibela tahlehelo ea li-analyte tse feto-fetohang, ho etsa bonnete ba hore deconvolution ea hau ea spectral e ipapisitse le kemelo ea 'nete ea sampole ea hau, eseng karoloana e lutlileng.
HPLC vs LC-MS: Ho tsamaisa Sensitivity Shift
Potso ea khafetsa laboratoring ea rona ke: "Re lokela ho tloha neng ho tloha HPLC vs LC-MS?" Karabo e itšetlehile ka kutloisiso ea hau e hlokahalang. Le hoja HPLC e nang le ts'ebetso ea UV e ntle haholo bakeng sa QC e tloaelehileng maemong a microgram, LC-MS ea hlokahala ha u hloka ho bona maemo a picogram kapa ho tseba tse sa tsejoeng ho matrices a rarahaneng.
Haeba u fallela LC-MS, khetho ea hau ea linkho e ba ea bohlokoa le ho feta. Li-caps tse tloaelehileng li ka kenya li-plasticizers molemong oa hau oa selefouno, tsa theha "Ghost Peaks" tse hlorisang chromatogram ea hau. Ke ka lebaka leo Ajiren's
Bonded Screw Caps
ke ntho e ka sehloohong ho li-labs tse tiisitsoeng ka MS-li felisa kotsi ea hore septa e oele ka har'a vial kapa litšila tse silafatsang ka har'a detector.
Anatomy ea Peak e Phethahetseng ea Chromatographic
Tlhōrō e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea chromatographic ke sesebelisoa sa ho hlahloba. Tlhōrō e bohale, e lekanang ea Gaussian e u bolella hore tsamaiso ea hau e ntlafalitsoe. "Lehetla" kapa "mohatla" o u bolella hore ho na le ho hong ho phoso, hangata ho amanang le hardware kapa molumo o shoeleng.
Ho Felisa Molumo o Shoeleng le Molumo o Eketsehileng oa Kholomo
E 'ngoe ea lipolao tse khutsitseng tsa tharollo ke molumo o shoeleng. Haeba ho na le lekhalo pakeng tsa nale ea hau le tlase ea vial, mohlala oa qhalana. Bakeng sa sampling e nyane, kamehla ke khothaletsa ho sebelisa Conical Inserts. Lisebelisoa tsena li qobella sampole hore e be tseleng e moqotetsane, e otlolohileng, e netefatsang ente ea "sharp plug". Sena se etsa hore ka kotloloho ho be le tlhoro e matla le likarohano tse betere tsa mats'oao ho lerata, haholo lits'ebetsong tsa khatello e phahameng moo ho hasana e leng sera.
Ho rarolla mathata joalo ka Pro: Ho tloha Lerata la Baseline ho ea ho Septa Coring
Lilemong tsa ka tsa ho rarolla mathata, ke fumane hore 70% ea litaba tsa lisebelisoa ke litaba tse ka sebelisoang.
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Baseline Noise & Ghost Peaks: Haeba u bona litlhōrō moo ho sa lokelang ho ba teng, li-filters tsa hau e ka 'na ea e-ba sesosa. Kamehla bua ka
Tataiso e Felletseng ea Lisefa tsa 0.22 Micron
pele u khetha li-filters tsa syringe.
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Septa Coring: Haeba u bona likotoana tsa silicone ka har'a vial ea hau, nale ea hau e "coring" septa. Sena se etsahala ka likatiba tsa boleng bo tlase. Likarolo tsa rona tsa ND11 Crimp Caps le 10-425 Screw Caps li entsoe ka nepo-enjeneloa ho mamella likheo tse ngata ntle le ho arohana.
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Botsitso ho Storage: Bakeng sa mekhoa ea EPA kapa polokelo ea nako e telele, ho sebelisa
24-400 Linkho tsa EPA
e entsoeng ka khalase ea borosilicate e netefatsa tahlehelo ea solvent le zero tšilafalo.
Ke Hobane'ng ha Botšepehi ba Data bo Qala ka Consumable
Hangata re sebelisa 50,000 USD ka mokhoa o phahameng oa ho qetela, ebe re leka ho boloka lipeni ho vial. Ka phihlelo ea ka, sub-par vial ke ntho e theko e boima ka ho fetisisa laborateng ea hau hobane e lebisa "ho tsosolosa" le "litiiso tse hlōlehileng."
Hore na o hloka 1ml Shell Vials bakeng sa chromatography e bonolo kapa 18mm Screw Thread Headspace Vials bakeng sa automated GC, Aijiren e fana ka botsitso boo litsebi li bo batlang. Re etsa bonnete ba hore odara ea hau ea gc e ka hlahisoa letsatsi le letsatsi, 'me tlhoro ea hau ea chromatographic e lula e le bohale joalo ka letsatsi leo u qapileng mokhoa ona.
Tšehetso le Lipotso tsa Setsebi: Na u tobane le liphetho tse sa lumellaneng kapa u loana le nts'etsopele ea mekhoa? Ha re ntlafatse ts'ebetso ea hau hammoho. Ikopanye le 'na bakeng sa lipuisano tsa tekheniki:
Qetello Ho tseba hore na ke karolo efe e khutlelang morao le ho tseba menahano ea seletsa sa hau ke leeto la ho tsoela pele ho ithuta. Ka ho khetha HPLC e nepahetseng ea organic modifier le lisebelisoa tsa maemo a holimo, u tsetela 'neteng ea data ea hau. Se ke oa lumella sub-par vial ho senya mokhoa o motle oo u o qetileng libeke u ntse u tsoela pele.
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